Story highlights
Created in 2015, Amaravati aspires to become a sustainable city.
British architect Norman Foster's firm is responsible for its planning.
Experts say it will be difficult to assess its sustainable credentials until after completion.
In south-east India, 217 square kilometers of farmland along the Krishna River are being transformed into a city billed as an urban utopia.
When complete, Amaravati will not only be the new capital of Andhra Pradesh state – developers hope it will also be one of the most sustainable cities in the world.
At its center will be a 5.5-kilometer-long and 1-kilometer-wide Central Park-inspired green spine, according to British architectural firm Foster + Partners, which is leading the project.
Solar panels on rooftops will power Amaravati’s buildings, while cycling routes, electric vehicles and water taxis will serve the transport network. An irrigation system will utilize recycled water, and shaded streets will encourage walking.
The estimated total cost of the project is $6.5 billion, according to the Andhra Pradesh authorities.
“Many traditional settlements in India were built around principles of sustainability, and we have taken inspiration from them in our design,” said Chris Bubb, senior partner at Foster + Partners.
Urban oasis
In 2014, the redefining of state boundaries transferred Andhra Pradesh’s then-capital, the tech powerhouse of Hyderabad, to the newly created neighboring region of Telangana.
Left without a capital, the Andhra Pradesh authorities decided to build a new city. They would name it Amaravati, after an ancient village about 10 kilometers away.
But first they would need land. In 2015, they asked farmers to participate in a “land pooling scheme.”
For every acre farmers handed over, they would receive 25% to 30% of it back in developed land, equipped with power, running water, and sewerage facilities. They were also offered benefits such as free healthcare and education, according to the authorities.
Initially some farmers resisted, but by January 2017 the government had secured most of the land it needed, said Sreedhar Cherukuri, commissioner of the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority.
About 28,000 farmers collectively gave 138 square kilometers of land to the project.
The existing infrastructure would be upgraded, rather than wiped out, and villages in Amaravati’s path would be built around, ensuring no one was displaced from their home.
Who will live in Amaravati?
The pace at which Amaravati has been planned and constructed had made it “one of the fastest greenfield projects to be undertaken,” according to Cherukuri.
If all goes well, major roads will be completed by the end of 2018, and the overall infrastructure by the end of 2019, and the main government buildings – built by Foster + Partners – will be mostly finished by 2021, according to the development team.
Over the past two years, 30,000 people have already moved to the city, including 12,000 government employees working at a temporary administrative building that was constructed at the end of 2016.
Two universities opened their doors in 2017 to 4,000 students – five more are in the works.
Hospitals, schools, banks, hotels, in the planned Central Business District are expected to create 430,000 jobs, while cultural and sporting facilities are also in the works.
When the city is complete, it is expected to attract talent from around India – “perhaps from all over the globe,” said Cherukuri.
Residential properties for 5,000 low-income households and 4,000 government employees and their families are being built. There will also be commercial housing for 1,200 families.
The city’s population is expected to hit to 3.5 million in 35 years’ time, according to officials.
